Zap! The Ultimate Guide to Skin Lasers
Laser treatments have become a popular way to refresh and improve the skin — but with so many types available, it can be hard to know where to begin. In a recent episode of the Listen to Your Skin podcast, dermatologist Dr. Brenda Lutowski broke down the basics in a way that makes it easier to understand what these treatments actually do and how to choose the right one for your needs.
At the most basic level, lasers use focused light to target specific elements in the skin, known as chromophores. These are the parts of the skin the laser is designed to treat — like pigment, blood vessels, or water in the tissue. Each laser uses a different light wavelength to target different concerns. For example, lasers that target melanin are great for removing sunspots and unwanted hair. Others focus on hemoglobin, which makes them ideal for treating redness and visible blood vessels. Some lasers target water in the skin, which helps with resurfacing and stimulates collagen production to improve texture and tightness.
The most important thing to understand is that no single laser can treat every skin issue. Each type of laser is designed for a specific job. That’s why professional dermatology clinics usually offer a range of devices and why it’s so important to see someone who understands how each one works. Using the wrong laser on the wrong skin type or condition can lead to poor results or even scarring — especially if the provider isn’t properly trained.
One of the most popular and versatile treatments is the Fraxel laser. This non-ablative fractional laser helps boost collagen, making skin tighter and pores smaller. It’s also FDA-approved to treat precancerous skin lesions (actinic keratosis), and studies show it can help reduce the risk of some non-melanoma skin cancers. For people with a mix of sun damage, wrinkles, and minor scarring, Fraxel is often a great starting point.
For those who want results but can’t afford downtime, IPL (Intense Pulsed Light) or BBL (Broadband Light) treatments are excellent alternatives. While not technically lasers, they work similarly by using filtered light to target both brown spots and redness. These treatments are especially good for ongoing maintenance and typically involve minimal recovery time.
When it comes to skin tightening, Dr. Lutowski recommends RF microneedling or ultrasound-based technologies like Softwave. RF microneedling uses tiny needles to send radiofrequency energy deep into the skin, which helps firm areas like the jawline and reduce loose skin. Softwave uses focused ultrasound waves to reach deeper layers, including the SMAS (the tissue layer targeted in surgical facelifts), encouraging collagen production and subtle lifting — all without any downtime.
No matter what type of treatment you choose, proper care before and after is critical. Avoiding sun exposure before and after your session helps prevent dark spots and other complications. Keeping your skin hydrated and pausing strong skincare ingredients like retinols or acids for a few days can also make a big difference in your results. Always follow your provider’s instructions — it’s one of the best ways to ensure great outcomes and avoid irritation.
Laser treatments also offer hope for people dealing with scars. Whether from acne, surgery, or injuries, modern laser therapies can significantly improve how scars look. Starting treatment earlier can often lead to better results, helping the scar blend more naturally with your surrounding skin.
If you’re considering laser treatments, the most important step is finding a qualified, experienced provider. Rather than chasing the lowest price or jumping from one place to another, building a relationship with someone who truly understands your skin will lead to safer, better, and longer-lasting results.
Your skin deserves thoughtful care — and with the right approach, laser treatments can be a powerful part of your skin transformation journey.
